Norms, Neighborhood Effects, and Social Behavior: The Case of Irrigated and Rainfed Farmers in Bohol, the Philippines
نویسندگان
چکیده
Behavioral game experiments, spatial econometrics, and household survey are blended in a single study to investigate how the experience of collective irrigation management facilitates the spillover of social behaviors among neighbors. Dictator game and public goods game experiments are conducted to quantitatively elicit altruistic behavior and contributory behavior, respectively, of rice farmers in Bohol, the Philippines. The neighborhood dependence of such social behaviors is tested using spatial econometric techniques, while socioeconomic factors are duly controlled for. Extra attention is paid to the difference in neighborhood effects between irrigated and non-irrigated areas. The neighborhood effect is identified only among irrigated farmers and it becomes stronger among plot neighbors than among residential neighbors. When a kind of costly punishment, a message of dissatisfaction in our case, is permitted, it effectively reduces free-riding in public goods game among irrigated farmers. These indicate that increased demand for collective action among plot neighbors in the real world is likely to induce the spillover of social norms together with an effective community mechanism of punishment that compensate the function of the norms.
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